Development and Longevity of Protective Immunity Elicited by the Combinations of Live Attenuated NDV, IBV, ILTV Vaccines in Pullets and the Effect of these Vaccines in Pullets Co-Infected with Other Respiratory Pathogens
PI: Mark W. Jackwood, Mary Pantin-Jackwood, Naola Ferguson-Noel and Maricarmen Garcia
Objective 2:
Investigate the multifactorial etiology involving poultry respiratory diseases.
Activity 2.2:
Study potential interactions between the vaccines used against respiratory disease.
Project 2.2.1.
The central hypothesis of this work is that vaccination schedule can affect development and longevity of immunity when multiple live attenuated vaccines are given either simultaneously or sequentially to pullets, and that co-infections with LPAIV, IBV variants, NDV, ILTV or mycoplasma at the time of vaccination can compromise protection. The specific aims are: 1) Examine as a baseline the development and longevity of immunity using a typical pullet vaccination program for respiratory diseases, specifically IBV, NDV and ILTV. 2) Determine the effect of modified live respiratory vaccines given simultaneously or sequentially with different intervals on development and longevity of local immunity. 3) Study the effect of co-infection with pathogenic respiratory viruses and avian mycoplasma on development of local immunity and the longevity of protection. We will vaccinate layer and broiler pullets with live attenuated IBV, NDV, and ILTV vaccines using a typical pullet vaccination program and monitor the replication of the vaccines in the upper respiratory tract, the development of antibodies, and the protection from challenge for up to 36 weeks of age. We will use this data as a baseline for further experiments where we will determine if giving the vaccines simultaneously or sequentially affect the development of antibodies and longevity of protection. Finally, we will also examine the effect of co-infections with LPAIV, IBV variants, ILTV or avian mycoplasma at the time of vaccination on the development of antibodies and the longevity of protection in the pullets.
Yearly Goals:
Year 1:
Conduct the development and longevity of immunity experiment using a typical pullet vaccination program for respiratory diseases.
Year 2 & 3:
Examine the effect of modified live respiratory vaccines given simultaneously or sequentially on development of immunity in pullets.
Years 4 & 5:
Study the effect of co-infection with pathogenic respiratory viruses and avian mycoplasma on development of local immunity and the longevity of protection.
Potential Impact and Expected Outcomes:
These data will provide important information on the interactions between different vaccines and their effect on development of immunity and protection in pullets. This information can be used to design vaccine programs that give sound protection against respiratory disease in long-lived birds and provide practical information on the outcome of vaccination in the presence of upper-respiratory disease pathogens.
